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The Astronomy and Astrophysics graduate program, administered by the Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, culminates in a Doctor of Philosophy degree. Occasionally, students may be admitted to a Master of Science program as an initial step before transitioning to PhD studies.
The Department conducts extensive observational and theoretical research spanning solar system dynamics, stellar phenomena, galactic structures, interstellar matter, quasars, galaxy clusters, cosmological studies, and general relativity challenges. Collaborative relationships with the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics (CITA) and the Dunlap Institute provide students with exceptional opportunities to work alongside prominent researchers. Both faculty and students utilize premier optical, radio, and satellite observatories worldwide while participating in numerous large-scale survey initiatives. The department maintains an innovative experimental program involving stratospheric balloon telescopes and develops specialized instrumentation for optical, millimeter, and radio telescopes.
This four-year doctoral track is designed for students entering with a Master's degree in Astronomy and Astrophysics or a comparable field. While no mandatory coursework exists beyond what the PhD committee determines essential, students must pass both sections of the qualifying examinations (general knowledge and thesis proposal) during their first summer term.
Applicants may be accepted into the PhD program following completion of an MSc degree in Astronomy and Astrophysics from the University of Toronto, or an MSc degree in another appropriate discipline or from elsewhere deemed equivalent, with an average of at least B+ or demonstrated comparable research competence.
PhD Program (Direct-Entry)
Students are accepted into the PhD program following completion of a bachelor's degree, with an average in the final two years equivalent to a University of Toronto A– or better from a recognized university.
International English Language Testing System (IELTS):
Required score: 7.0 (Academic) with at least 6.5 for each component.
Internet-Based Test (TOEFL iBT) Including Writing and Speaking Sections:
Overall score: 93; Writing: 22; Speaking: 22
Academic English Level 60: Required score: B
Canadian Academic English Language (CAEL) Online:
Required score: 70 minimum total with at least 60 in each part.
The Certificate of Proficiency in English (COPE):
Required score: 76 minimum total with at least 22 in each component and 32 in writing
Cambridge Assessment English:
Required score: minimum 185 overall with at least 176 in each component.