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The Department of Biological Sciences provides graduate programs for both Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees. It aims to cultivate scholars who are well-versed in their field's literature, able to recognize emerging research challenges and opportunities, and skilled in essential research methodologies. Students achieve these goals through various avenues: guided research projects, academic coursework, involvement in seminar series, and successfully defending their thesis.
The Department maintains specialized laboratories and teaching spaces accommodating 250–300 graduate students. These include resources for digital imaging, advanced microscopy (electron and confocal), chemical analysis, molecular biology techniques, fermentation processes, biotechnological applications, DNA synthesis and sequencing, as well as cell culture facilities for microorganisms, yeast, plants, insects, and mammals. Additional features comprise large aquatic animal tanks and climate-controlled environments, including an expansive greenhouse facility. Off-site locations encompass the Devonian Botanic Garden with its fungal collections, several research stations like Meanook Biological Research Station and Ellerslie Plant Genetics Station near Edmonton, plus the Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre on Vancouver Island. The department also houses comprehensive reference collections spanning microfungi, vascular/non-vascular plants, and animal specimens - featuring significant holdings of fish, fossil plants and vertebrates, insects, and parasites.