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PhD candidates are required to focus on one of the department's core research specialties, such as GIScience, urban/economic studies, cultural geography, or physical and environmental geography. The doctoral program mandates specific departmental courses, covering essential skills like computer-based geographic methods (GIS, remote sensing, or digital cartography), statistical analysis, and advanced graduate seminars. Additionally, students must pursue a minor field outside geography. Proficiency is required in either a non-English foreign language or an approved computational method. Candidates must successfully pass written comprehensive exams showing broad knowledge of geography and their chosen specialty, followed by an oral defense of their dissertation proposal. Finally, they must produce and defend an original research dissertation.