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A PhD represents the highest academic degree, earned through conducting substantial and novel independent research that results in a comprehensive dissertation (or approved equivalent submission) aligned with faculty specialization areas. Candidates may pursue their doctorate full-time or part-time, either on-site or through distance learning (where research methodology permits). Unlike taught programs, PhD studies involve independent research without scheduled classes. Students can opt for either full-time (typically 3-4 years) or part-time (usually 5-6 years) study paths. Full-time doctoral candidates should dedicate approximately 35 weekly hours to their research, while part-time students commit around 12 hours. Multiple pathways exist to obtain a PhD, tailored to applicants' prior research experience and existing publication records.