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The Department of Biological Sciences provides graduate programs for both Master of Science and Doctor of Philosophy degrees. It aims to cultivate scholars who are well-versed in their field's literature, able to recognize emerging research challenges and opportunities, and skilled in essential research methodologies. Students achieve these goals through various avenues: guided research projects, academic coursework, seminar involvement, and successfully defending their thesis.
The Department maintains specialized laboratories and teaching spaces accommodating 250–300 graduate students. These include resources for digital imaging, advanced microscopy (electron and confocal), chemical analysis, molecular biology techniques, fermentation processes, biotechnological applications, and DNA-related technologies. The facilities support work with diverse biological systems including microbial cultures, plant and animal cell lines, with specialized environments like aquatic animal tanks, climate-controlled rooms, and an expansive greenhouse network. Off-site resources comprise the Devonian Botanic Garden with its fungal collections, several research stations near Edmonton (Meanook Biological Research Station and Ellerslie Plant Genetics Station), and the Bamfield Marine Sciences Centre on Vancouver Island. Researchers have access to comprehensive biological collections spanning microfungi, plant species (both vascular and cryptogamic), and animal specimens (vertebrates and invertebrates), featuring significant holdings of fish species, paleontological specimens, insect varieties, and parasitic organisms.