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Meteorology, also known as atmospheric science, examines the atmosphere and how it interacts with Earth's surface, oceans, and living organisms. Scientists in this field aim to analyze, comprehend, and forecast weather patterns across vast spatial ranges—from tiny millimeters to thousands of kilometers—and over time periods spanning microseconds to millennia or more. These weather events encompass everything from small-scale thunderstorms and tornadoes to large-scale frontal systems and hurricanes, as well as global climate shifts. Contemporary meteorological research focuses on weather systems, climate patterns, and their interconnected relationships, particularly the prediction of extreme weather that significantly impacts lives and infrastructure. Such hazardous conditions include lightning strikes, tornadoes, flooding, hailstorms, blizzards, thick fog, and tropical cyclones. Climate-related studies explore historical climate patterns, regional weather systems, surface and boundary layer dynamics, climate change, and seasonal predictions. The School of Meteorology conducts cutting-edge research across all these critical areas.