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The department's linguistic theory adopts a cognitive-functional viewpoint, concentrating on how language structure interacts with actual usage. We prioritize data-driven research and fieldwork to examine evolving language patterns through a usage-based lens. This framework highlights investigations into language typology, evolution, discourse patterns, social interaction, variations, interpretation, cognitive processing, and language learning. Special attention is given to regional languages (particularly Navajo, Spanish dialects, and Native American languages) and sign languages (with a focus on American Sign Language). This theoretical foundation enables us to effectively pursue linguistics applications for social issues, such as preserving endangered languages and supporting marginalized communities. Consequently, while we research and educate about language systems and usage, we also promote active engagement by both faculty and students in advocacy and community outreach within the linguistic populations we study.