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Philosophy explores profound, complex, and contentious questions that have sparked discussion and investigation for centuries. Its various disciplines are defined by their focus: Metaphysics examines existence, ethics and value philosophy consider ideals, while logic and philosophy of science investigate knowledge. Given significant contributions throughout history, philosophical history forms a fourth major branch alongside these three. All philosophical approaches share a dedication to rigorous thought, particularly when tackling uncertain and debated issues. Philosophers rely on logical reasoning and empirical evidence rather than authority or belief. Princeton's philosophy program is consistently ranked among the nation's best, boasting internationally renowned faculty. The department provides a wide array of courses across philosophical disciplines each term, teaching both classical texts in translation and contemporary scholarship. This allows students to gain both foundational knowledge of timeless works and exposure to cutting-edge research. The standard concentration requires broad exposure (at least two courses in three of philosophy's four branches) while allowing specialization through independent study with advisors. Interdisciplinary options like political philosophy and philosophy of science offer additional flexibility by incorporating related external fields.
Academic record is evaluated within the context of your educational system and school curriculum. Your academic record should include any available internal grades from classes, achieved marks from external exams (for example: (I)GCSE, British A-Level, International Baccalaureate, national leaving exams such as Std X/Std XII in India), or a combination of both.
If English is not your native language and you are attending a school where English is not the language of instruction, you must take the Test of English as a Foreign Language (TOEFL), the International English Language Testing System Academic (IELTS Academic) or the Pearson Test of English Academic (PTE Academic). You are not required to take the TOEFL, IELTS or PTE Academic if English is your native language or if you have spent at least three years at a secondary school where English is the primary language of instruction.