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MIT has long excelled in political economy, being among the few U.S. institutions to feature it as a distinct academic focus. In social sciences, political economy carries various interpretations. At MIT, it specifically examines the interconnection between economic and political frameworks, emphasizing thorough comprehension and application of diverse theoretical and empirical perspectives on state-market interactions. The discipline embraces methodological diversity, incorporating all research techniques and perspectives, with core faculty bridging multiple subfields like American Politics, Comparative Politics, International Relations, and Research Methods. A foundational proseminar explores key political-economic theories and examines various economic, sociological, and institutional perspectives. Additionally, the department provides numerous specialized political economy courses covering topics such as U.S. political economy, comparative political economy of advanced democracies and developing nations, international political economy, and advanced studies in areas including trade, migration, and technology.