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Civil engineers create and oversee the vast infrastructure systems that modern communities rely on, including transportation networks, structures, crossings, water barriers, underground passages, flood protection systems, and sanitation facilities. As stewards of our built environment, Civil Engineers currently manage expenditures exceeding 10% of Canada's total economic output, surpassing all other professional sectors. Since their work primarily serves the public, Civil Engineers frequently address the societal implications of their projects, encompassing ethical considerations, community effects, and regulatory compliance. Whether specializing or working broadly, Civil Engineers integrate knowledge from physical sciences, social sciences, allied professions, and various engineering disciplines. In recent years, as engineering roles have expanded into interdisciplinary domains, the traditional boundaries between engineering specialties have significantly blurred. Individuals holding Civil Engineering degrees, with their robust analytical capabilities, are highly valued across diverse sectors including city development, financial services, and corporate management.
The PhD program is designed for individuals pursuing original investigative work, culminating in a substantive thesis that addresses a significant research challenge. Students may pursue this degree either full-time or part-time, though full-time participation is strongly recommended. Full-time PhD candidates typically complete their degree within four years. During this period, students must pass the Comprehensive Examination by their fourth term and complete three advanced courses while maintaining at least a 70% average. The latter half of the program focuses on developing and publicly defending a research dissertation that showcases scholarly insight, field expertise, and the capacity to rigorously evaluate and communicate novel findings.
The environmental and water resources (E&WR) specialization benefits from the expertise of 15.5 full-time faculty members, along with additional research professors. This area represents a key strength within civil and environmental engineering and stands as one of the University of Waterloo's premier research domains. E&WR serves as the foundation for the institution's comprehensive Water Institute, which coordinates water-related research across multiple disciplines.