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Modern economists increasingly rely on advanced mathematical models to analyze and forecast economic trends. Simultaneously, economic challenges have spurred significant developments in mathematical theory. This interdisciplinary approach inspired our unique program, collaboratively designed by the Faculty of Mathematics and the Department of Economics within the Faculty of Arts. Throughout your studies, you'll master differential calculus, differential equations, and mathematical optimization techniques to analyze economic patterns. Opting for the co-op track provides valuable paid work experience alongside your academic pursuits. Graduates emerge prepared for careers in banking, government, or private sector roles, or for advanced studies at the master's or doctoral level. Choose between a traditional four-year path or an enhanced five-year option with co-op. Through Waterloo's renowned co-op program - Canada's largest - you can accumulate two years of professional experience, or accelerate your education through the standard study route. Economic principles frequently translate into mathematical formulations, with most economic disciplines heavily incorporating mathematical, statistical, and computational frameworks. Notably, economic inquiries have also propelled breakthroughs in pure mathematics. Our Mathematical Economics program merges these two disciplines, offering comprehensive training in economic theory through quantitative methodologies. You'll learn to model economic concepts mathematically and address intricate challenges across diverse economic systems.