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Grasping plant production systems is crucial for maintaining Ontario's current output levels in field crops, horticulture, and turf. This department was established to conduct both practical and theoretical research in plant science, aiming to support sustainable and economically viable agriculture for Ontario's key field and horticultural products. The studies focus on enhancing profitability and ecological sustainability by advancing crop management techniques and plant breeding approaches. This work generates insights into: optimal management practices for maximizing yields in both outdoor and controlled settings; environmental influences on plant growth; relationships between crops and competing weeds/pests; and the lasting effects of agricultural practices on water systems, soil quality, and green areas in rural landscapes.