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The global population continues to expand, driving greater demand for civil and environmental engineers to develop sustainable solutions that support this expansion. Developing nations are projected to experience significant population surges while lacking sufficient infrastructure to manage it effectively. Insufficient modern systems may result in numerous public health issues—limited water access or contamination, air pollution, and ineffective waste management and disposal systems.
A large portion of humanity resides in densely populated urban centers. Metropolitan areas present advantages for housing growing populations through reduced individual energy usage, centralized employment and community resources, and streamlined delivery of essential services that maintain modern society.