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In today's world, geotechnical engineers must create foundation and soil structure designs that maintain stability and optimal performance when facing natural hazards like earthquakes and extreme rainfall. Additionally, numerous civil and military engineering challenges related to geological materials—including soil freezing for tunnel construction, long-term nuclear waste storage, carbon sequestration, and hydraulic fracturing—demand expertise in geological material behavior that extends beyond conventional soil and rock mechanics parameters of pressure, temperature, and loading rates. These contemporary needs are driving the integration of seismology, continuum and discrete mechanics, transport phenomena, along with both physical (centrifuge) and computational modeling techniques for geomechanics solutions.