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An Independent Concentration (IC) allows students to create their own customized academic focus in an area not available through Brown's standard programs, drawing from existing course offerings. Designing an IC encourages students to thoughtfully plan their educational path, examining how their selected courses will progressively build knowledge and the academic approaches they'll employ. ICs are available as both A.B. and Sc.B. degrees, with differing course requirements - 13 courses for A.B. versus 20 for Sc.B. (Additional details about A.B. vs. Sc.B. IC distinctions can be found here.) Students may incorporate independent study courses (GISPs, ISPs, DISPs, AIs, or research) into their IC for concentration credit, subject to advisor approval. Like with standard concentrations, students can pursue double concentrations combining an IC with another program, including through the 5-year combined A.B./Sc.B. option when applicable.