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Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) is widely recognized as a crucial medium-term solution for cutting carbon emissions in the energy sector as we shift toward renewable energy sources. In the long run, it also plays a vital role in reducing emissions from refining, steel, cement, chemicals, and other industries. The International Energy Agency (IEA) highlights CCS as the most effective technology for lowering direct industrial emissions, potentially eliminating 2 to 2.5 Gigatonnes of CO2 annually worldwide by 2050. Reaching this goal cost-effectively demands both advanced subsurface engineering knowledge and innovative approaches.
Heriot-Watt University, alongside the University of Edinburgh and the British Geological Survey (BGS), co-founded Scottish Carbon Capture and Storage (SCCS) in 2005. Research on CO2 injection for Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) at Heriot-Watt dates back to the 1980s. Numerous projects have been carried out with SCCS partners, as well as with other universities, consultancies, and industry collaborators. Financial support has been provided by research councils, government bodies, and private sector partners, ranging from individual studies to large consortium-driven initiatives.