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While Canada possesses greater water resources than many countries, variations in both the amount and purity of our accessible water—caused by climate change and other human factors—significantly impact Canadian society. Addressing most water quality challenges demands knowledge of physical mechanisms like circulation and permanent mixing. Key examples encompass nutrient retention behind upstream dams, nutrient delivery to surface waters that sustain phytoplankton and fisheries, pollutant dispersion in lakes and coastal areas, and contaminant pathways (including E. coli and Cryptosporidium) toward drinking water sources and recreational beaches. The EFM research team specializes in analyzing and interpreting the physical processes within aquatic systems, with the goal of creating computational models to forecast how climate change and human actions influence lake circulation patterns.