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Philosophy seeks to explore the core beliefs that shape human thought and existence, empowering individuals to critically assess these foundations themselves. This entails analyzing arguments supporting or opposing different viewpoints, studying their historical, cultural, and intellectual backgrounds, and rigorously evaluating these perspectives. Given its foundational role, philosophy traces its origins to ancient Greek and other early civilizations, maintaining a longstanding presence in academia. The Philosophy and Religion faculty are recognized leaders in their specialized areas, with their work appearing in top-tier global journals. Their research spans diverse topics such as moral epistemology, Socratic philosophy, and classical views on ethical living; contemporary market ethics; scientific methodology, realism versus anti-realism, and concepts of self; existentialist thinkers like Sartre, post-structuralism through Foucault, and philosophical film analysis; traditional Chinese thought, medical philosophy, and complex systems theory; as well as continental philosophy of religion and interpretive theories. UON's Philosophy and Religion scholars actively collaborate with prestigious international partners across Europe (including Bristol, Manchester, and Oxford universities), North America (such as Williams College), and Asia (notably Fudan University, Beijing's Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, and Hong Kong University).